Integration And Calibration Factor By Practical Comparison Of GPS And Total Station Measurements In Sudan

Abstract There is some rate of distortion in the projected plane coordinates obtained by GPS. The coordinates obtained using terrestrial devices such as Total Station depends on the direct angular observations and distances measurements on the surface of the earth assumed as plane surface. Using different observation systems terrestrial survey and GPS survey yields discrepancies in the obtained results for the same location due to the variation of the observation sources and the technology used by each system. The discrepancy that exists in the measured results must be removed to obtain conformity of them by deriving scale factor which is the main objective of this study. This paper covers the procedure of integration between the Electronic Total Station and the Global Positioning System GPS and their use in surveying engineering projects. In this paper the author used Total Station and the Global Positioning System GPS commonly using observations of common points with the two systems Total Station and the GPS receivers to get the horizontal position difference and the scale factor between the Total Station and the GPS coordinates. The results showed that the difference as a distant scale factor for the considered area in Sudan is typical to the published international scale factor.