RESEARCH ON THE RELATION MANAGEMENT BETWEEN ROOTS AND SOIL UNDER CLIMATIC STRESS CONDITIONS IN PREMIUM WHEAT CROP

The present study was conducted in order to highlight a big problem that breeders are facing with nowadays, namely the relations which are formed between the plants root system and the soil, that constitutes their living and development environment. There were identified three main ways through which the breeding of the roots-soil system can be achieved for its optimization: the factors related to soil, the soil technologies and, finally, the breeding, genetics and molecular genetics path. Taking into account all the principles mentioned above, were evaluated the yields obtained at Premium wheat in two agricultural years, years that were totally different from climatic point of view (2011-2012 and 2012-2013). The importance of the connection between plant roots and soil was especially visible in 2011-2012, when were registered extreme drought conditions. The phenomenon was also extended to neighboring plains (The Pannonian Plain in Austria, Hungary, examples being conclusive in this sense). Data obtained from our own experimental lots, where have been taken into account elements like soil amelioration, farm management, seed quality and varieties used in culture, are indicating significantly positive differences compared to those plots that were planted randomly, without taking into account all these aspects. In the same time, this paper presents the correlations between the wheat root system development and the yields level. Researches were performed in several areas of the country, making the relevance of the study and of its results even greater, while its utility for farmers increases directly proportional to the demonstrated importance.