The Fourth Measurable Parameter of Khazar Bricks ? Specifi c Density

The author uses his long-term studies of bricks from Khazar fortresses Sarkel and Semikarakory to make amendments to the methodology applied to their study: except three traditional parameters (length, width and thickness), it is necessary to consider the fourth parameter: the weight (mass), which can be also exactly determined. The author proposes to use the specific density of bricks (i.e. the weight in grams of one cubic centimeter (g/cm3)) as a unit of measurement. The general standard for bricks of all cultures is defined as 1 g/cm3. Minimum or maximum weight of a brick from any site can be chosen as a regional standard for benchmarking of bricks of the same culture. Data analysis by this parameter allows for a better distinction of bricks manufactured by different masters on the same site, comparison of technologies and manufacturing traditions in one or several regions, as well as to compare bricks of different cultures, both synchronous, and in their chronological sequence.