MICROBIAL PROTEOMICS: APPROACHES, ADVANCES, AND APPLICATIONS

At present, whole genome sequences are reasonably available for many organisms. However, genomics alone is insufficient in providing comprehensive information on the mechanisms underlying the biological processes of an organism. With the development of various proteomic technologies, proteomics has enhanced our understanding of biological processes on a global scale. Enormous efforts have been exerted to deeply inspect microbial systems using proteomic technologies. Inspiring progress and achievements have facilitated our understanding of the cellular physiology of microorganisms in many aspects. In this review, we present different proteomic technologies and advances, and enumerate their significant applications in microbial studies. Taking advantage of multiple proteomic technologies, we first discuss the molecular physiology of microbial systems when facing external environmental stimuli. We also illustrate the pathogenic mechanisms of microbial pathogens and their significance to clinical vaccine selection on a proteomic scale. The integrated analyses of multi-omics appear to be a new method of analyzing biological systems.