Clinical study to evaluate the causative factors of Shvitra (Vitiligo)

Background: Shvitra (vitiligo) is a variety of skin disorder where multiple white colored skin patches are seen all over the body and is considered as a social stigma in society. Worldwide prevalence of vitiligo is observed as 1% of the total population. According to modern science it's a disorder of unknown etiology but in Ayurveda various dietary, lifestyle and psychological factors are considered behind the manifestation of disease. Aim: To evaluate the causative factors of Shvitra as per Ayurveda and to understand their probable mode of action in pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and methods: 50 patients of Shvitra attending the OPD and IPD unit of Dr. M.N. Agashe hospital, Satara were selected within the age group 16-60 years and the data was recorded in specially prepared case proforma. Results: Ushnasheetaviparyaya - improper utilization of hot and cold regimen (60%), Vishamashana - irregular dietary habits (54%), Excessive intake of Amlarasa - sour taste foods (48%), Dadhi - curds (42%), Diwaswapa - day sleeping (38%), Atisnigdha Aharsevan (34%), Ajirnadhyashana (34%), Viruddhahara (30%) etc. were found as the major causative factors responsible for the manifestation of disease. Conclusion: The causative factors mentioned in classical texts of Ayurveda are still valid even in today's era but due to urbanization and lifestyle modification, methods of consumption of these Nidanas has been changed nevertheless one can still trace them on Ayurvedic grounds. The change in diet and lifestyle pattern along with psychological disturbance is the fundamental reason behind the skin ailments like in Shvitra.