Trauma, Sepsis, Shock and Biomarkers

Background: This original contribution included trauma, sepsis, shock, inflammation, innate immunity, neutrophils, IL-8, reactive oxygen species, neonatal hypoxia, NF-kappa B, procalcitonin, intestinal fatty acid binding protein. Objective: The purpose of this article is to understand trauma, sepsis, shock, the procalcitonin, biomarker and the synergistic relationship between the activation of the innate immune system, loss of organ barrier functions. Discussion: Data was obtained from several reports, retrospective, descriptive cohort prospective studies, gene cluster and expression analysis listed in the papers and in references. Many complex factors such as genetics, physical agents, and mediators are involved in the development of organ failure in trauma. These factors are clearly linked and can lead to susceptibility of patients to posttraumatic organ failure. Sepsis is a common condition encountered in hospital environments and remains an important cause of death in the intensive care units. Procalcitonin was mentioned in this review as related to sepsis and infections. Conclusions: Trauma and sepsis, shock and biomarkers are very important both in adults, infants and children. Various topics were covered such as trauma, sepsis, shock inflammation, innate immunity, role of neutrophils and IL-8, reactive oxygen species, neonatal hypoxia, the role of NF kappa B related to inflammation. Procalcitoninas helpful in identifying adult and neonatal sepsis, defense mechanisms and physiological functions of the immune system.