Clinical profile of pregnancy related acute renal failure: An experience at a tertiary level hospital in Mumbai

Background: Pregnancy-related acute renal failure (ARF) can be caused by any of the disorders leading to ARF in the general population. We aimed to study the clinical profile of pregnancy related acute renal failure, management and clinical outcomes. Materials and methods: After obtaining ethical committee's approval, a prospective observational study was carried out on hospitalized patients in our hospital from 1st August 2007 till 30th September 2008, where all pregnant females referred to nephrology unit were enrolled. Results: A total of 41 patients were included in the study in which oliguria was the commonest symptom (58.53%). Fluid overload was the most common complication encountered (33.33%). Respiratory system involvement was associated with increased mortality. No correlation between serum creatinine level and mortality was observed. Neonatal deaths were seen in 2.43% of patients while IUFD was seen in 19.51% of patients. Conclusions: Incidence of PR-ARF is still high in our country as compared to western countries. Multigravidas were more commonly affected than primigravidas. More than two organ involvement was associated with higher mortality and majority of the patients were treated conservatively. Maternal and fetal mortality were high, 17.07% and 2.43% respectively.