Assessment of clinic-pathologic discrepancy in diagnosis of Jaw lesions: A retrospective analysis

Background: Numerous studies are quoted in literature which focuses mostly on evaluating the specific head and neck lesion such as tumours of odontogneic origin. Only limited studies are quoted in literature focusing on the prevalence the whole spectrum of biopsied oral and maxillofacial lesions in various countries. Hence; we planned this retrospectively analysis to evaluate the frequency of all biopsied jaw lesions in order to assess the discrepancy between clinical diagnoses and histopathologic diagnosis. Materials and methods: The present study was planned in Vananchal Dental College, Jharkhand and involved analysis of records of all the patients whose biopsy specimen was submitted to the Department of Oral Pathology from June 2010 to July 2014. All the jaw lesions were divided predominantly into three main groups depending on the type of lesions. Complete analysis of the record of the patients and their histopahtologic reports was done and comparison was made between the clinical diagnosis and histopathologic diagnosis to assess the coordination between the two diagnoses of the jaw lesions. Results: 1500 patient's records were evaluated in the present study. Group I, II and III had 400, 800 and 300 patients respectively. More male population was observed in the present study. Lesions diagnosed in the maxilla and in the mandible were approximately same in number. More than 75 percent of cases in this group were Periapical granulomas. The most prevalent lesion in Group II was radicular cyst followed by dentigerous and residual cyst. Conclusion: Collaboration of histopatholgocial details and radiographic findings should be done along with the clinical history to reach the final diagnosis.