RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS IN AFIKPO AND ABAKALIKI, EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

A study of the relationship between some epidemiological factors and acute pyelonephritis was conducted in Afikpo and Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Mater Miscericodeae Hospital, Afikpo and Federal Medical Centre, Abakaliki were used for the work. Patients' data and the clinical examinations were employed in this study. The highest age relationship was seen in ages 71-80 years in both areas wither a percentage occurrence of 85.0% in Afikpo and 82.5% in Abakaliki and the least in ages 11-20 with 62.5% prevalence in both areas. Females had higher relationship than males in both areas with Afikpo showing 91.1% prevalence in females and 63.9% in males. However, Abakaliki had 86.8% prevalence in females and 60.0% in males. The highest occupational occurrence in Afikpo was 84.0% among those not working and in Abakalik 92.0% among drivers; but the least was observed among quarry workers in both areas with Afikpo and Abakaliki showing 30.0% and 40.0% prevalence respectively. Comparison of educational status and the disease showed un-educated presenting the highest relationship in both areas with the prevalence of 90.0% in Afikpo and 72.0% in Abakaliki. But the least was observed among those of tertiary status with the prevalence of 50.0% in each of the two areas. Among pathological factors assessed, the highest occurrence of acute pyelonephritis was observed in people with urinary incontinence who had 92.0% prevalence in Afikpo and people with bladder infection that had 90.0% prevalence in Abakaliki; while the least occurrence was observed in persons with sickle cell disease 45.0% in Afikpo 44.0% in Abakaliki. Pregnancy showed 73.5% and 68.0% prevalence in Afikpo and Abakaliki respectively; while previous history of family UTI showed 40.0% prevalence in Afikpo and 41.0% in Abakaliki. This research work reveals that relationship exists between age, sex, educational status, occupation, diabetes mellitus, bladder infection, urinary incontinence, HIV pregnancy, bladder surgery, use of catheters and prostate enlargement and acute pyelonephritis. Keywords: Epidemology, Acute pyelonephritis, Afikpo and Abakaliki