Correlation of 2D-Echocardiography Findings in Young Patients of Myocardial Infarction with Prevalence of Risk Factors

Background: The prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has progressively increased in India during the later half of the last century. Projection based on the Global Burden of Disease Study estimate that by the year 2020, the burden of atheroembolic cardiovascular disease in India would surpass that in any other region in the world. Objectives: To Correlation Of 2D-Echocardiography Findings In Young Patients Of Myocardial Infarction With Prevalence Of Risk Factors in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh area, From May 2010 to April 2011. Materials and methods: 50 patients of aged 18 – 45 yrs with acute myocardial infarction were evaluated on the basis of age, sex, socioeconomic status, family history of coronary artery disease, smoking, obesity, history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, ECG and Ejection Fraction on 2D-ECHO. Results: Mean age of study group was 36.2. Male were more affected than female. Prevalence of family history of coronary heart disease was 35%. 55% of patients were smokers. 20% of patients were obese. 75% patients had dyslipidemia. 25% had history of hypertension and 20% were diabetic. 64% of patients in present study had anterior wall MI. Left Ventricle End Diastolic Diameter (LVEDD) mean 49.84 mm. Left Ventricle End Systolic Volume (LVESD), mean was 38.36 mm. Interventricular Septum thickness (IVS) mean was 9.86 mm. 56% had moderate LV dysfunction. MR mostly present in EF less than 40%. 12% cases had presence of pericardial effusion. 66.66% smokers have MR on 2D-Echocardiography. Conclusion: The Incidence of Myocardial Infarction is rising in young individuals owing to change in lifestyle pattern, eating habits, more stress and workload. Incidence remained highest in Males as compared to females. Highly associated risk factor in young myocardial infarction patients are dyslipidemia and smoking. Other traditional risk factors associated with myocardial infarction like diabetes, hypertension, obesity are also very much correlated and their incidence is also seems to be increasing. The role of 2D-Echocardiography in establishing the diagnosis, location, and extent of MI, in diagnosing mechanical complications of infarction, and in providing prognostic information that is important for risk stratification.