The Effect Postnatal and Long-Term Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Technique on Newborns

Assisted Reproductive Technique rates (ART) are increasing worldwide and ART related births are1.4 % of U.S. births. Parallel to the rise in ART rates, publications that demonstrate intrauterine growth retardation, premature birth, perinatal mortality, very low birth weight, large birth weight and congenital anomalies as contributing factors for poor perinatal outcomes have also increased. Preterm delivery increase morbidity due to the conditions associated with prematurity including intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, and respiratory distress syndrome thus cerebral palsy associated with PVL and mortality increased. The association of IVF with longer term clinical events has not been fully resolved but also the in-vitro techniques, the causes of infertility, the controlled ovarian stimulation, culture media, and possibly additional freezing or vitrification procedures seem to play a role. These increased risks are Multifactorial and related both ART procedures and underlying infertility. Therefore there have to be investigate risks of individual birth defects and disentangle the inter-related effects of different types of infertility and the multiple aspects of ART and the effect of ART procedures and underlying infertility on perinatal mortality and morbidity and on long-term outcome of babies.