Nutritional Habits in Summer Season Among Latvian Type II Diabetic Patients with Excessive Weight

A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out at the Latvian capital endocrinology outpatient clinic at Paul's Stradins Clinical University Hospital from June to August 2015. The aim of the present study was to investigate nutritional habits and its adherence to dietary recommendations among overweight/obese type II diabetes mellitus patients in Latvian summer season. A total of 50 non-insulin dependent T2DM patients were interviewed 16(32%) were men and 34(68%) were women. The mean of age was 61 ± 9 years for women, and 56±10 years for men (p=0.06). The mean duration of diabetes was 8 ± 6 years, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 7±0.5. Mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 34.3±5 kg/m2 . Clinical and nutritional information were assessed using the clinical history-taking and single 24-h dietary recall method. The plausibility of reported energy intake in the present study was determined by Goldberg method. Results of diet records were compared with dietary recommendations. In our study 22% of type 2. diabetic patients were energy under-reporters. Mean energy intake among plausible reporters was 2070 kcal/d. Mean carbohydrates intake among patients was 39 ± 7 % E, proteins 23 ± 5% E, fats 38 ± 6% E, dietary fiber 13 ± 4g/1000 kcal. Although all T2DM patients reported their daily intakes of vegetables, however, excessive saturated fat and animal protein intake was investigated. We found statistically significant positive correlation between BMI and intakes of energy (kcal), proteins (g/d), fats (g/d), and saturated fats, as well as negative correlation between BMI and intakes of dietary fiber (g/1000kcal).