“Organization Complexity Level”: a Well-Known Idea as the Basis of a New Scientific Approach

A scientific concept based on the notion of hierarchical systems is analyzed in the article. Three types of hierarchical systems, which differ in terms of organization complexity and the nature of relationships and interactions between endogenous elements, are described. The notion of organization complexity is elucidated. On the basis of this theoretical framework, the author demonstrates the various ways the data of natural and mathematical sciences could be used in historical and archaeological research.