SEGMENTATION USING FUZZY LOGIC IN COLOR IMAGES BASED ON MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS

Over the last few years, research scientists have proved that lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery can successfully compete as a rechargeable battery for green energy vehicles (electric vehicles or EVs, hybrid electric vehicles or HEVs) because of its higher energy density and lighter weight. However, capacity fade and battery pack failures remain a hindrance to its maximum utilisation. Failure not only leads in huge replacement cost but also prospective safety concerns such as short circuiting or overheating which may induce fire accidents and it becomes aggressive with ageing. That is why ageing estimation, health monitoring in terms of state of health (SoH) and end of life (EoL) estimation ability in battery equipped systems are of major concern. This paper critique novel research and development in the field of Li-ion battery ageing estimation and health monitoring. Various models, techniques and algorithms have been presented along with their pros and cons. The intent of this review and discussion is to prepare an inclusive perspective on progress and challenges in monitoring Li-ion battery ageing.