SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER DIFFERENT CROPPING SYSTEMS

Current trend in the global agriculture is to search for highly productive; sustainable and ecologically friendly cropping systems. Studies have been disclosed that some cropping systems had impacts on the microorganisms' biomass, enzyme functions, and diversity. As well, several studies investigated important differences between microorganisms rising from various long-term cropping and control systems although several researches have pointed on the problems of diverse plant species on rhizosphere microbial communities. Some microbial groups show noteworthy parts in the carbon cycling by degrading starch, cellulose, lignin, or lipids; and other microorganisms participate in both nitrogen and carbon cycles in the soil ecology. Accordingly, microbial activity greatly pays on deviations of soil biochemical possessions along with plant nutrition by enabling organic material mineralization, and aggregating nutrient accessibility and plant endorsement. In order to get improved farming techniques we have to aware the correlation between cropping methods and the resultant situations in microbial-ecosystem. Therefore, this review illustrates effect of cropping systems on soil microbial structures and enzyme activities in the soils.