Star Fractal Antenna Operating at C-Band, X-band and Ku-Band

Background/Objectives: To design a micro-strip triangular patch antenna operating at 6GHz frequency and later to implement a multi-band antenna using fractal geometry. The objective of work is to design a triple band antenna operating at C-band, X-band and Ku-band using a star fractal designing technique. Methods/Statistical analysis: The concept of Koch snowflake fractal geometry is employed to design a multi-band antenna. Fractal antennas have major advantage of self similarity and space filling characteristics. Fractal geometry brings the multi-band characteristics using the same dimensions of single frequency antenna. Findings: A micro-strip antenna is designed to operate at 6GHz frequency using triangular patch. Co-axial feeding technique is chosen to provide feeding for triangular patch. After that fractal geometry design is employed to bring triple band characteristics. Fractal geometry results in multi-band antenna operating at 5.2GHzin C-band, 11.2GHz in X-band and 14.4GHz in Ku-band. The return loss obtained for 5.2GHz, 11.2GHz and 14.4GHz are -26.4067dB, -26.3815dB and -22.7629dB respectively. The VSWR obtained for the three frequencies are 0.83dB, 0.83dB and 1.26dB respectively. The resultant gains of the three frequencies are 7.77dB, 5.27dB and 11.07dB respectively. Improvements/Applications: The proposed antenna have wide range of applications in C-band, X-band and Ku-band like military applications, weather monitoring, air traffic control, TV networks, defense tracking and satellite communications.