Methods of landscape architecture in forming residential areas and downtown spaces

Modern landscape architecture takes an active part in forming urban environments where vital activity is taking place: residential areas and downtown spaces. This article describes viable ways of forming such spaces that are aesthetically acceptable and comfortable; references to literary sources are given. Following analysis of different examples of residential areas and the street design of downtown spaces the author concludes with a discussion about the role of landscape architecture in solving this problem and systematizes principles of environment forming in these areas. For example: organization of routs taking into account security and comfort; multi-functionality; using a wide variety of natural materials (plants, water sources, stones, etc.) and artificial elements in design to improve the aesthetics and ecology of a place and to create visual and tactile variety.