Knowledge of Cervical Cancer, Awareness and Attitude to Screening among Patients at a Cytology Clinic

Objective: Cervical carcinoma is the most common genital cancer in Nigeria and a leading cause of cancer-associated deaths, but the success of large-scale screening programs with the Pap test and the associated reduction in invasive cancer has been well described in developed nations. We determined the level of knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness, and attitude toward the cervical screening program in Lagos. Methods: Between December 1, 2003, and May 31, 2004, we studied the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of patients at a tertiary institution cytology clinic concerning cervical cancer and screening methods using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Of the 255 patients surveyed, data were complete in 238 (93.3%); 112 (47.1%) had heard of cervical cancer, while 94 (39.5%) knew about the Pap test, with health professionals being their most frequent source of information. Fifty-nine (24.9%) had had a prior Pap test, while after counseling on cervical cancer and the screening methods, 213 (89.5%) were ready for routine periodic screening if given the opportunity. Nineteen (8%) would still refuse due to various reasons, and six (2.5%) were not sure. Age and marital status did not influence their knowledge, but the level of education and occupation were found to positively influence their knowledge of cervical cancer and their acceptance of the Pap test. Conclusion: Adequate health information and counseling on cervical cancer and regular Pap testing still need to be emphasized in developing countries so as to reverse the morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer.