APPLICATION OF PROTECTION MOTIVATION THEORY (PMT) AND HEALTH ACTION PROCESS APPROACH (HAPA) IN PROMOTING WOMEN’S ADAPTIVE ENGAGEMENT TOWARDS BREAST SELF EXAMINATION

The base of this study is to apply protection motivation theory (PMT) and health action process approach (HAPA) to promote women’s adaptive engagements towards breast self examination. The background of the study investigated health risk factors of breast cancer, attitudes and behaviours towards early breast cancer detection to reduce its prevalence rate. The health action process approach (HAPA) was diligently looked at as propounded by Ralf Schwarzer and the protection motivation theory as propounded by Rogers, R. in 1975 as explanation for this phenomenon towards predicting behaviours and redirecting action toward health promotion. The health risk behaviour streamlined was poor attitude and behaviour of breast self examination leading to high mortality rate from breast cancer. The theories were scholarly utilized to this behavioural contingent and suggest motivational and adaptive approach to curtail this health risk behaviour. The need for sustainable attitude towards breast self examination was reinforced through health education indices towards health promotion.