Expanded 128-bit Data Encryption Standard

This paper presents a 128-bit approach on the outdated Data Encryption Standard cipher. Since the symmetric block cipher is well past its prime, many methods have been devised by hackers in order to crack the cipher and obtain the plaintext message, namely through brute force attacks. In order to improve its security, the authors have made modifications to the standard bit size, wherein it is doubled from a size of 64-bits to 128-bits on the key structure and plaintext block. The size of various tables, functions, keys and swaps that are found throughout the process of the original DES are also subject to this doubling in size. Henceforth, the Expanded Data Encryption Standard is twice as extensive as its predecessor. By increasing the overall size of the cipher, it will take much longer for an attacker to bypass the security through the use of brute force.