CHEMICAL EXPERIMENT AS METHOD OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD OF THE RUSSIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN XIX-XX CENTURIES

The chemistry as an independent subject in the Russian Empire was brought into the curriculum of real gymnasiums in 1864 (Parmyonov, 1963; Teleshov, 2000). Nevertheless, in 1794 in Mountain school A. M. Karamyshev, Karl Linney's pupil, gave actually the first course of chemistry in high school. It is quite natural that the very first textbooks of chemistry in Russia were in the German and French languages. Then the time of translated textbooks came. The first original textbooks for school appeared in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century. In all these books the essential attention was paid to chemical experiment: both to supervision, and its performance. Also, we will try to track that could observe and what to carry out in fixed time pupils of gymnasiums, schools and military schools at 19 beginning of 20 centuries. Certainly, we consider this question in connection with its large volume on a limited number of examples, using materials of school textbooks and articles in the methodical magazine. Educational texts in the range of 1886-1910, till 1911 - prior to the beginning of a methodical era of V. Verkhovsky will be brought to your attention.