Angioleiomyoma of Nasal Septum: Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of smooth muscle origin with a vascular component and is an uncommon form of leiomyoma. Angioleiomyoma presenting in the nasal cavity is exceedingly rare and there are 68 reported cases in the literature worldwide. We present a case of angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum and review its diagnosis and treatment.Study Design: Case report and Literature Review. Methods: The medical records of a 69-year-old patient with an angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum were reviewed. The PubMed database was searched for literature describing anglioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity using the key words “angioleiomyoma” with “nasal cavity,” “nasal septum,” “nose,” or “sinus.” Results: A 69-year-old female patient presented with progressive right-sided nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Office examination revealed stigmata of recent bleeding and nasal endoscopy revealed a mass arising from the right nasal septum. Computerized tomography with intravenous contrast revealed a 1.3 x 1.1 cm heterogeneously enhancing vascular lesion arising from the right nasal septum. The patient was taken to the operating room for endoscopic resection. Conclusion: Angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum is a rare and challenging clinical diagnosis that requires detailed histopathologic examination. Literature review suggests a female predilection with possible hormonal influence.