Intrapopulational genic variation of the giant African Snail (Achatina fulica) in the Valle del Cauca

Objective. To evaluate the intrapopulation genetic variation of A. fulica in the Valle del Cauca. Materials and methods. Ten microsatellite loci from specimens collected at eight municipalities in the Valle del Cauca Department were amplified. Allelic frequencies and descriptors of intrapopulation genetic diversity were estimated. Bayesian analysis was used to estimate the number of groups present in the study area. Results. Two groups were identified in the Valle del Cauca (p > 50%): one group comprised individuals from the north and center of the department, and one group comprised individuals from the south and west of the department. These groups were genetically different from each other (FST 0.16; p<0.05). Isolation by distance was confirmed (Mantel p 0.01; R2 0.06), and a high level of endogamy was detected through a deficit of heterozygotes in the evaluated loci (FIS 0.45). Conclusions. We suggest that the A. fulica population present in the Valle del Cauca could have been introduced at more than one location, or that there could have been more than one wave of invasion. The high level of endogamy is probably the result of control activities that eliminated adult individuals in the population, which has led to an enhanced founder effect.