Functional and radiological outcomes of instrumentation and decompression in thoracolumbar fractures

Introduction: Thoracolumbar fracture can be stabilized adequately by utilizing posterior decompression by performing pedicle screw fixation. The neurological progress of such patients was analyzed by using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) chart. Purpose: We aimed to assess the functional, radiological, and neurological outcomes of 31 patients who have suffered thoracolumbar fractures. Materials and Methods: 31 patients underwent posterior decompression by pedicle screw fixation in order to treat their thoracolumbar fractures at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center. The American Spinal Injury Association neurological chart, Visual Analogue Score, and Kyphotic Angle were used to gauge the functional progress of the patients. Patients were followed-up regularly. Results: Upon comparing the mean preoperative, postoperative, and final follow up data of this study, the neurological improvement, as indicated by the ASIA neurological chart, was highly significant as well as successful. Only two patients had screw breakage without worsening of neurological status. Five of the 31 patients developed minor complications for which they were treated. Conclusion: Posterior decompression by pedicle screw fixation is a viable option for patients who have suffered unstable thoracolumbar fractures with any deformity or neurological dysfunction.