Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of lung masquerading as tuberculosis

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) of the lung is a rare entity that is considered to be a benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. It shows localised reactive polyclonal lymphoid proliferations. Due to scant literature, very little is known about its clinical behaviour and outcome. It resembles the lymphoid neoplasm so closely that it becomes very difficult to distinguish between nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and low-grade B cell lymphoma of BALT (bronchus associated lymphoid tissue) on histology alone. Here we present a symptomatic case of 6 year old girl, which was misdiagnosed as tuberculosis initially. A mass lesion was detected on computed tomography and wide surgical resection done. On histopathology and immunohistochemistry, she was diagnosed as a case of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of lung. The girl was kept on regular follow up for one year and was alright.