Refractory Hypokalemia in a Patient with HIV Infection

Renal involvement in HIV can manifest in various forms like immune-mediated glomerulonephritis, HIV-associated nephropathy, renal tubular acidosis, acute/chronic renal failure and HIV induced distal RTA is usually associated with hypergammaglobulinemia and use of trimethoprim. Distal renal tubular acidosis is characterized by hypokalemia, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis and inability of the urine to decrease the urine pH below 5.5. In review of literature only two cases of HIV induced distal RTA were described