Polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase genes (NOS1 84G/A AND NOS3 786C/T) in patients with bronchial asthma and essential hypertension

There exists an interest in studying polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase genes in patients with bronchial asthma and essential hypertension. Aim: to study clinical and pathogenetic significance of polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase genes (NOS1 84G/A and NOS3 786C/T) in formation of comorbid pathology of bronchial asthma and essential hypertension. Materials and methods: in the study 71 patients participated who were treated for bronchial asthma or essential hypertension. The main group consisted of 24 patients with comorbid pathology of bronchial asthma and essential hypertension. The group of patients with isolated bronchial asthma included 23 individuals. The group of patients with isolated essential hypertension included 24 individuals. In all patients polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase genes NOS1 84G/A and NOS3 786C/T was determined. Results: the studied groups did not differ in distribution of the genotypes (χ2=2.13, p=0.712) of NOS1 84G/A polymorphism. The studied groups reliably differed in distribution of alleles (χ2=10.55, p=0.005) and of separate genotypes (χ2=10.49, p=0.03) of NOS3 786C/T polymorphism which evidences the relationship between the given polymorphism and development of bronchial asthma and essential hypertension. In patients with comorbid pathology of bronchial asthma and essential hypertension the frequency of occurrence of T-allele is higher and that of C-allele is lower (χ2=4.24, p=0.04) than in patients with isolated bronchial asthma. T-allele of NOS3 786C/T polymorphism 2.4 times increases the probability for comorbid pathology of bronchial asthma and essential hypertension in comparison with isolated bronchial asthma (OR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.04-5.56). Conclusion: evaluation of NOS3 786C/T polymorphism can be used for identification of patients with bronchial asthma with a high risk for development of essential hypertension.