Microbial Factor as a Participant of the Infectious Inflammatory Process in the Oral Cavity Pathology

This article presents data on the microbial spectrum of the oral cavity among 156 patients with maxillofacial pathology treated in the maxillofacial department of the Emergency Hospital. The oral cavity contained the greatest number of bacteria in comparison with other cavities of the human body. It is generally known that the above mentioned microorganisms are capable of organizing associations for joint survival. In the majority of patients (65%), S. aureus and E. coli microorganisms were identified in association with fungi of the genus C. albicans. Half of the isolated cultures (50%) were represented by the association of microorganisms S. aureus and C. albicans. In 1/3 of patients, various types of Streptococcus spp. None of the examined patients had a microbial pathogen in monoculture. It was noted that in addition to streptococci and staphylococci, diphtheroids and lactobacilli were also isolated from some of the examined individuals, which were not the etiological factor of the inflammatory process. The microorganisms in the associations had different sensitivity to antibiotics. The preliminary determination of the antibiotic susceptibility of each of the isolated microorganisms is necessary for effective complex etiological treatment taking into account the type of the identified pathogen. Moreover, the antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains of S. aureus and C. albicans has been studied. Strains of S. aureus retained high sensitivity to the antibiotics of cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone series, aminoglycosides, macrolides and vancomycin. The least sensitive strains of S. aureus were to the antibiotics of the penicillin series. The sensitivity of strains of C. alibicans was at a high level to antimycotics: amphotericin B and nystatin, while itraconazole, flucanazole, ketoconazole had weak antifungal activity. Thus in this paper antibacterial and antifungal agents are recommended for the treatment of infectious inflammatory processes in the oral cavity caused by microorganisms of S. aureus and C. albicans. The efficiency of these drugs allows its using for the specific patients treatment.