Metabolic Syndrome in Adrenal Incidentaloma

Adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass that is discovered serendipitiously during a radiological examination performed for indications other than evaluation of adrenal disesase. Incidentally discovered adrenal masses are mostly benign, asymptomatic lesions often arbitrarily considered as non-functioning tumours. Recent studies have, however, reported that subtle cortisol production and abnormalities in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis are more common than previously thought, and referred to as subclinical Cushings syndrome. Subclinical Cushings syndrome is found more in association with Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia. The purpose of this case study is to investigate a case of adrenal incidentaloma, its hormonal manifestation and associated metabolic conditions, clinical outcome and effectively manage with post-operative follow up to evaluate the improvement in biochemical and clinical parameters. It was concluded that Adrenal incidentaloma should be suspected in a patient presenting with metabolic syndrome and surgery improves metabolic parameters.