Health issues in correctional institutes: Diabetes mellitus case management

Offenders represent an understudied general population in health care research. Their healthcare needs are bigger than those of general public. There are higher incidence of diseases such as hepatitis, HIV, mental disorders, cardiovascular problems and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM management in correctional institutes is affected by structural, institutional, environmental, political, economical and social factors, as well as body and mental status of the inmates. In general, chronic diseases management inside a correctional institute is a topic raising concern. Disease management in such an environment should be in line with the health care system aims, not only in the provision of care but in the future of inmate's health, even after their release. The purpose of this literature review is to present the most common health problems that inmates face, emphasizing in DM. A report of the Greek correctional system and its impact on inmates is going to be presented, aiming at discussing all the problems that a diabetic inmate can face. The basic principles of DM management in correctional institutes, as they are shown in the literature, will help community nurses along with other healthcare professionals to provide the best possible, evidenced-based care for inmates in the context of primary health care.