PERIODONTAL CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal clinical characteristics in patients with iron deficiency anemia. In a cross-sectional study, 280 consecutive patients suffered iron deficiency anemia and referred to Sina hospital in Hamadan, Iran between April and October 2012 were included into the study. Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as a hemoglobin concentration ≤ 12.5 g per deciliter for men (normal range, 13.5 to 17.5 [8.4 to 10.9]) and ≤ 10.6 g per deciliter for women (normal range, 11.6 to 15.8 [7.2 to 9.8]), accompanied by at least one of the following laboratory values consistent with iron deficiency: a serum iron concentration ≤ 45 µg per deciliter (normal range, 50 to 150 [9.0 to 27.0]) with a transferrin saturation no higher than 10 percent (normal range, 16 to 60 percent), a serum ferritin concentration ≤ 20 µg per liter for men (normal range, 20 to 450) and ≤ 10 µg per liter for women (normal range, 10 to 250), or the absence of iron stores in bone marrowbiopsy specimens [10]. None of the participants were smoker. Several clinical and experimental studies have documented the mechanisms which predisposing oral alterations in patients with iron deficiency anemia [13]. Most of these mechanisms involve cell-mediated immune effectors pathways and cytokines. In fact, various cytokines, acute-phase proteins and radicals with regulatory effects on iron-homeostasis may be altered following periodontal inflammatory or infectious states resulting in anemia Several clinical and experimental studies have documented the mechanisms which predisposing oral alterations in patients with iron deficiency anemia. On the other hand, the release of these cytokines by periodontal tissues in response to bacterial infection can be the main fundament of periodontal disease-induced anemia. Key words: Gingiva, mouth mirrors, plaque control record (PCR) and buccal.