Mechanisms of the Power Fitness Training Process Optimization and Features of Adaptation-compensatory Reactions in Organisms of Young People Aged 20-21

The article presents the results of studying the features of high intensity power loads and magnitude of the changes in the abilities of young male organisms. At the same time, studies were carried out to define the peculiarities of the manifestation of compensated reactions in the given conditions of motor activity and to establish the most informative criteria for assessing the adequacy of the loads to the functional capabilities of the subject being examined by the contingent. The study comprised 20 athletes aged 20-21, systematically engaged in power fitness during the past three years, as well as 20 physically healthy young men of similar age who did not have experience in training for power loads and, accordingly, a high level of resistance to this type of motor activity. It was established that the optimal period of using the most effective model of training sessions, regardless of the level, intensity of loads and their volume, is no more than three months. The obtained data also confirm the results of monitoring the concentration of cortisol and testosterone in the serum at different phases of the study. This fact also indicates that the activity and the course of adaptation processes are completed almost by the end of the second month of training sessions. However, it was revealed that the alternating change in the physical load regime (change in the parameters of intensity and volume of work) after three months of training is a stressful factor that has a positive effect on improving the functional readiness and improving the level of sporting achievements. This is expressed in the fact that this group again fixes a significant increase in the level of maximal muscular strength by 11.3% (p <0.05). But after two months time, the pace of adaptation started to decline. Accordingly, a comparative analysis of the results of monitoring, in terms of the dynamics of the muscular strength of the studied contingent, demonstrated the adaptive reactions of the organism of trained young men in response to changes in the power load regimes in the course of systematic training. As a result of long-term studies, it was revealed that with increasing the level of fitness, the effectiveness of long-term adaptation developed in the course of systematic interval training. Moreover, it was markedly reduced even with a gradual change in the physical load regimes. All the above-said point to the need of developing new techniques, which can ensure a longer increase of effectiveness in power fitness.