MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE IN AN IDEAL GREENHOUSE

The greenhouse is a tool for the accumulation of solar energy and its conversion into heat. The article investigates the heating of the greenhouse caused by the difference in the transmissivity of glass in different wavelength ranges. Firstly, some facts from the history of the phenomenon investigation are presented. The principle of greenhouse operation is considered. Then we explain the greenhouse effect theoretically using a simplified model, and carry out an experiment. In our experiment, the heating of a 1 m² surface greenhouse model has been observed. The temperature changes have been registered, and the ultimate temperature has been measured. Further, a model of an ideal greenhouse is proposed in order to reduce heat losses. The main principles and generalizations of the greenhouse effect are discussed. The role of the glass transmission spectrum, which is one of the most important factors determining the maximum temperature is investigated. Maximum temperatures for different spectra are compared. We calculate theoretically the maximum temperature, which can be achieved in an ideal greenhouse under ideal conditions. Then we consider other factors limiting temperature growth. Finally, the ways of application of the greenhouse effect in the development of solar collectors are indicated.