TRANSLATION OF THE PASSIVE VOICE STRUCTURES FROM GERMAN INTO RUSSIAN AND TEACHING THEM TO UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The article discusses some of the features of translating the sentences with the passive voice from German into Russian. The passive voice structures are used in those cases when indication of the person performing the action is not essential, they allow focusing attention on the action itself and its result. The passive voice is actively used in the German language in technical documentation, instructions for household appliances and professional work. When translating the sentences with the passive voice into the Russian language we should take into account three types of passive constructions: impersonal passive (mononominal), passive with an object (binomial), passive with a subject and an object (trinomial). Binomial and trinomial passive constructions may be translated into Russian with the help of passive and active structures. Mononominal passive constructions are usually translated by a verb in the active voice and indefinite form. Translation of such sentences from German into Russian may bring about some difficulties. It is very important to prepare students for translating the sentences with the passive voice in the university classes; they include the study of: passive voice specifics, translation techniques, translation experience. The article provides some exercises for training passive structures in written and oral translation