Location Based Energy Efficient Routing for Wireless Sensor Network

In Wireless Sensor Networks, sensed data are reported to the sink by the available nodes in the communication range. The sensed data should be reported to the sink with the frequency expected by the sink. In order to have a communication between source and sink, the proposed energy efficient routing is called as Greedy Location based Cluster Mechanism. Initially nodes are deployed in random manner. Then clusters are formed based on the location of nodes. Cluster head is elected among the candidate nodes. Cluster head is elected based on transmit power. After selecting the cluster head, the data needs to be forwarded to the sink. Usually gateway nodes are used to forward the data. Cluster head and gateway nodes consume more energy than the normal nodes. Instead of using gateway nodes to forward the data, GLCM (Greedy Location based Cluster Mechanism) can be used. GLCM considers the location of source and destination nodes. Instead of broadcasting the data, it chooses one hop delivery method by considering the transmission power to reach the destination. Nodes present in the direction of destination will be chosen as the intermediate nodes. Thus the data is forwarded without the presence of gateway node. Hence the energy consumption can be saved which increases the network lifetime. Performance metrics such as delay, Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Energy Consumption are chosen for evaluating efficiency of the proposed GLCM. Simulations are carried out using Mat lab tool. It is evident that the proposed GLCM achieves better performance when compared with energy aware distributed unequal clustering protocol (EADUC).