The role of Caselio (plant fertilizer) exposure on digestive gland histology and heavy metals accumulation in the freshwater snail, Lanistes carinatus

The adverse effects of Caselio, the plant fertilizer (PMR) on the freshwater snail, Lanistes carinatus were studied. Snails were collected from Bahr Shebeen canal, Menoufia Province, Egypt. Snails were exposed to 200 and 600 μl/l of the fertilizer (PMR) for 0, 1, 3 and 7 days. Shell, operculum, foot and soft tissue metals concentrations (Cd, Pb, Al, Cu, Mg, Ti and Na), lipid peroxidase and histopatholgy of digestive gland were investigated. Tested metals concentrations accumulated differently in the shell, operculum, foot and soft tissue under the effect of the fertilizer where soft tissue accumulated essential metals and most of the non-essential metals. Exposure to PMR caused significant increase in lipid peroxidase of snails` digestive gland ranging from 52-82 % increase than control snails (P ≤ 0.03). The fertilizer caused tissue damage in the digestive tubules as necrosis, fusion and increased lipofuscin pigment significantly of exposed snails` (200 and 600 μl/l) when compared to the control group (134.33 ± 2.85, 80.0 ± 8.18 and 69.33 ± 3.18, respectively, P = 0.0003) after 7 days of exposure. In conclusion, different organs accumulated different amounts of essential and nonessential metals under the effect of PMR. The fertilizer caused lipid peroxidation and lipofuscin pigments increase (aging) to the digestive gland of L. carinatus