HUMOR PRESS FROM TANZIMAT TO SECOND CONSTITUTION

In this study, humor and cartoon magazines published in the Ottoman territory during the period from Tanzimat to Second Constitutional Period were handled. The first period of humor press covers the magazines published until 1876. It is seen that the publications in this period dealed with the steps taken by the Ottoman State towards becoming a modern state and included cartoons with a high level of criticism in this context. When Teodor Kasap publishes Diogenes, the empire meets with humor magazines in which the politics is criticized with a sarcastic language. The state starts to put pressure on these humor and cartoon magazines finding them harmful for its reputation. With Sultan Abdulhamid II's ascending the throne, publishing humor magazines in the territory was banned, and that's why Young Turks continued to run broadcasting activities in the places where they escaped abroad. These magazines, which they publish outside the country, are introduced to the Ottoman Empire through foreign post offices which make them meet with the readers. Part of this work was devoted to Young Turks' humor magazines, which are also called as “exile press”. In addition, the palace's gradual oppression and censor policy on humor magazines which ends with their closing down is also represented in the study.