ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL SMALL ANIMAL PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA AND GASTRIC DILATATION/VOLVULUS SYNDROME – A REVIEW

Successful anesthetic management of critical patients requires usage of specific anesthetic protocols depending on the animals' condition, degree of emergence, available equipment, knowledge of doctors etc. Correctly preoperative evaluation, intraoperative monitoring and postoperative monitoring and pain management are the important steps for decreasing of mortality during these conditions.The aim of this article was to review procedures regarding Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus syndrome (GDV) and Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia (TDH), two common emergency situations in small animal practice, which share high mortality rates and the need of specific and cautious anesthetic considerations.