Gender Specific Distribution of Polymorphisms of Genes of Renin-Agiotensin-Aldosterone System in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Obesity

The purpose of article was to evaluate gender features of distribution of polymorphisms of genes of renin-agiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with coronary artery disease and obesity. Materials and methods. We conducted a comprehensive examination of 222 patients with a coronary artery disease (CAD) and obesity. The diagnosis was established according to the existing orders of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine. The research of the allelic polymorphism Met235Thr of the ATG gene, Gln27Glu of the β2-adrenoreceptor gene was conducted by PCR method with electrophoretic detection of results with the use of sets of reactants of "SNP-EKSPRESS" of production of CJSC “Sintol” (Russian Federation). Correctness of frequencies of genotypes distribution was defined by compliance of equilibrium of G. Hardy – V. Weinberg (pi2 + 2 pipj + pj2 = 1). According to the Helsinki declaration all patients were informed on conduct of clinical trial and agreed to definition of a polymorphism of the studied gene. Statistical data handling was realized by means of Statistic packet, version 6.0. Statistically authentic distinctions were in case of p<0.05. Results and discussion. According to the results of our study, most men were carriers of the allele T, namely 59 people, who comprised 54.29%. Carriers of allele M were 46 men (45.71%). The male sex had the following effect on the distribution of genotypes of the polymorphic locus M235T of the ATG gene: the genotype T/T had 29 individuals (27.62%), T/M – 52 (49.52%), M/M – 24 (22.86%). Among the examined women, allele T had 57 patients (48.72%), and the allele M – 60 (51.28%). The genotype T/T occurred in women in 28.21% of cases, T/M – 40.17%, M/M – 31.62%. Men were more likely to be carriers of allele T than controls (14.29%) and less allele M (p<0.05). There was only a tendency to increase the detection frequency of the allele T and decrease the allele M, but no probable differences were found in women. The T/T genotype was more likely to be found in women and men by 13.93% and 13.34% than in the control group. The M/M genotype was less likely to be found in men by 14.28% compared with the control group. Among patients with CAD and obesity with carriers of the allele, the β2-adrenoreceptor gene of Gln27Glu polymorphism was 27 males and 29 females, equal to 25.71% and 24.79% respectively, allele G was possessed by 78 and 88 (74.29% and 75.21 %). Men had the genotype C/G in 31.43% of the cases, the genotype C/C – 33.33%, and the genotype G/G – 35.24%. Genotype C/G had 39 women (33.33%), genotype C / S – 36 of the examined (30.77%), genotype G/G – 42 females (35.9%). We also found that men with CAD and obesity were 20% and women – 20.92%. They were less likely to be carriers of allele C than controls (p<0.05). Allele G was more likely to be found in men and women with CAD and obesity than in the control group (p<0.05). The genotype G/G was more common in males and females than in controls of 18.1% and 18.76%, respectively (p<0.05). The probable differences in the distribution of genotypes of C/G and C/C polymorphic Gln27Glu locus of β2-adrenoreceptor gene in patients with CAD and obesity, depending on sex, were not established in comparison with the control group. Conclusions. Sex did not have any effect on the distribution of the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the Gln27Glu gene of the β2-adrenoreceptor gene in patients with CAD and obesity. Pathological allele T of the polymorphic locus M235T of the angiotensin gene in patients with CAD and obesity has been associated with male sex.