Screening of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Mangrove Plant Rhizophora mucronata Lam

Research on the screening antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi from leaves, bark and roots of mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam that derived from Jambak Beach, West Sumatera has been done. Isolation of endophytic fungi using direct planting with growing medium Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and obtained 14 isolates of the fungus. The isolates were cultivated on rice medium for 3-8 weeks, and extracted using ethyl acetate solvent. The 14 ethyl acetate extracts were screened phytochemicals and tested for antimicrobial activity by disc method against test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Cytotoxic activity of the extracts was tested by MTT assay using T47D cell and Vero cell. The results of this study indicate that nine (64.3%) isolates of endophytic fungi can inhibit the growth of test bacteria and fungi. Four isolates of endophytic fungi from the roots, four from the bark, and one from the leaves of mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam had antimicrobial activity. While 12 extracts (85.7%) were cytotoxic (cell viability < 50%) against T47D cells. This study concluded that the endophytic fungi of Rhizophora mucronata Lam can be developed as a new source of antimicrobial and anticancer compounds.