Ethanolic Extract of Psidium cattleianum as Intracanal Irrigation: An In vitro Study of Cell Viability

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethanolic extract of Psidium cattleianum biocompatibility by structural and functional cell viability maintenance. Cell viability was analyzed after 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 10 h and 24 h of incubation by Exclusion Method with trypan blue and MTT assay, using human mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in culture. Positive control used was RPMI cell culture medium and negative control was ethanol 80%. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%. By trypan blue assay, ethanolic extract presented a homogeneous performance of PBMC from the 1 h, with average viability between 30 and 50% (p>0.05). By MTT assay, the results showed the efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Psidium cattleianum in maintaining the functional viability of the periodontal ligament cells to 10 h (p>0.05), presenting values greater than the RPMI control. In both methods, it can be observed that the extract properties can neutralize the cytotoxic effect of its diluent ethanol 80%, which showed average viability nearly zero (p <0.05). Thus, biocompatibility by structural and functional cell viability maintenance was considered acceptable to ethanolic extract of Psidium cattleianum and further studies should be performed to indicate its use as an alternative to irrigation solution traditionally used in everyday practice.