Mycetoma- A resurgence

Mycetoma is a localized chronic, suppurative granulomatous disorder of subcutaneous tissue, skin and bones, mainly of feet, characterized by a triad of grains, tumour and tracts. It is commonly seen in tropical and subtropical areas. Based on causative organisms it is classified into eumycetoma caused by fungus, and actinomycetoma caused by bacteria. Color of grains also helps in differentiating the organisms. Black grains are always produced by fungi; pale grains are produced by bacteria and fungus. Diagnosis is based on the classical clinical presentation, histopathology and microbiological examination. Serological tests are not helpful. Molecular techniques to detect antigens are still under study. Eumycetoma is very resistant to treatment. Actinomycetoma responds well to prolonged antibiotic therapy. We present here in detail a series of five cases of mycetoma diagnosed in our hospital in a span of six months.