Role of biochemical markers in type 2 diabetic patients of cataract and retinopathy attending Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Indore (M.P)

Introduction: Aim of the study was to identify the role of selective serum lipids and serum creatinine in the development of type 2 DM microvascular complications like cataract and retinopathy which are potential cause of blindness in these patients. Materials and Methods: It is a cross sectional study of 100 patients, 50 each of cataract and retinopathy, compared with 50 healthy patients for lipid profile and serum creatinine by Erba 360 automated analyser. The study was carried out from Jan. 2016 to Jun.2017. Result: In type 2 DM patients there is dyslipidemia i.e. raised levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density and very low density lipoproteins and low levels of high density lipoproteins, when compared with the healthy subjects. When compared between cataract and retinopathy patients, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins and LDL/HDL were significantly raised (p < 0.001) in cataract patients whereas serum triglycerides (p< 0.001) and serum creatinine (p< 0.05) levels were significantly raised in retinopathy patients. Conclusion: cataract and retinopathy are the preventable causes of blindness among the diabetic patients. Timely assessment of lipid profile and serum creatinine may help to detect these complications early and thus prevent the morbidity caused thereby.