The system nature and specific features of operation and development of the banking system of Ukraine

The basic concepts and the nature of the banking system and the role it plays in the national economy are disclosed in the article. The dependence of the banking system development level from the level of economic relations in the country is determined. The features of the banking system operation as an important instrument of economic and social state policy are the subject of the research. The current state of the banking system of Ukraine is revealed. Measures of the National Bank of Ukraine to restructure the banking system are analyzed. The international experience and areas of further restructuring are discovered. Particular attention is paid to the research work of national and foreign scholars who investigated the features of banking system's development, identified key problems, the ways of shortcomings elimination, and perspectives of its operation. The basic two types of banking system architecture – one and two level – are analyzed. The analysis of their differences is made. The conditions of banking system's operation are determined. The analysis of the main stages of the banking system of Ukraine development is conducted. Their main features are distinguished. The basic stages of he banking system's of Ukraine establishment are disclosed. It is revealed that implementation of measures for banking sector's stabilization will enhance renovation of banking institutions` main functions and credit resources` directing to the development of the economy. It is pointed out that the banking system of Ukraine is a two-level structure of the financial and credit resources management. The basic trends of banking systems` development and operation under the influence of various factors, including economic crisis, political, economic and military instability, and the consequences that caused these factors are analyzed. It is found out that after the crisis the system has functioned amid quite stable liquidity, but the share of foreign capital in banks has been decreasing. Comparative analysis of banking subsystem of Ukraine with other banking subsystems is made. Key features that are common to all subsystems are identified. The fact confirms its system nature and specific features that emphasize its banking identity. The main functions of the banking system are determined.