The Procedure For Performing Economic Evaluations In Ukraine

Economic evaluation as one of the evidentiary arguments has been used since the time of Aristotle, Demosthenes and Xenophon. The evaluation is aimed at studying the financial and economic activities and includes examination of accounting and tax accounting documents, researching financial, economic and credit activities of economic entities. The evaluation on economic issues is appointed on general grounds in compliance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On Forensic Examination" and the procedural legislation. The performance of the evaluation is in the subordination of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The framework of the judicial economic examination includes the following: examination of documents of accounting, tax accounting and reporting; examination of documents on the economic activities of enterprises and organizations; examination of documents of financial and credit operations. The Tax Code of Ukraine contemplates the examination in the case when special knowledge in the field of science, art, technology, economy and other industries is needed to solve tax control issues. The specifics of performing economic evaluations in the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine, the Economic Procedural Code of Ukraine and the Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine make it possible to assert that, in general, the procedure for the appointment and performing forensic economic examination, as well as the rights, duties and responsibilities of forensic experts in Procedural legislation are similar. According to the procedural legislation of Ukraine the experts perform primary, additional, repeated, commission and complex examinations. The duration of the examination is determined depending on the complexity of the study, taking into account the workload of the experts. During evaluations (expert studies), in order to fulfill a certain expert task, the experts apply the appropriate research methods, methods of performing forensic examinations, normative and legal acts and regulatory documents, as well as the existing standards of the former Ukrainian SSR and state classifiers, industry standards and technical conditions of the former USSR, scientific and technical, reference literature, software products and so on. The selection of the way of performing the examination (the choice of certain methods, (methods of investigation)) is carried out within the competence of an expert. The basis for the examination in accordance with the current legislation is a procedural document (decision, specification) on the appointment of examination drawn up by an authorized person (body), or a written appeal of the victim or a party to the defense of criminal proceedings, which necessarily specifies the requisites, a list of issues raised to the expert, as well as the objects to be investigated. The results of expert studies are presented in a written form as the expert's conclusion or a report on the impossibility of giving the opinion. The expert's report is made out on the form of the expert institution and signed by the expert conducting the research. The signatures in the final part are certified by the seal of the expert institution on each page of the text of the final conclusions.