Impact Of The Climate Change On Grape Development And The Yield

Grape-growing and wine-making has received the highest raising in 20th century, the vintage area has exceeded 120 000 ha; wine factories have been built; scientific centers for the field management have been established. Notwithstanding the fact that this sector has undergone hard disruption, and today the vine planting is decreased to 40-60 thousand ha, and the grape producing has gone down from 550-560 thousand tons to 150-220, In spite of this vine-growing and wine-making are still the leading fields of always been rendered as the business of the high priority. Climate changes provide exceptional conditions for spreading of the grape main pests and diseases, reproduction and spreading of which significantly relate to the temperature and moisture conditions, especially in Adjara. We are familiar with the optimal conditions necessary for their reproduction and spreading increase or decrease of which might cause grape damage intensity significant change, and influence negatively the grape harvest and its quality. Due to all that it is necessary to define the correlative relation of the temperature and moisture change over spreading of these dangerous pests and diseases. The climate change will impact the vine in the following direction: changes on grape phenology; harvest, quality, replacement of the grape spreading borders, style, assortment of species or vine-growing directions, the negative impact of the extreme weather shall be taken into account; avoidance high level and increased need for the irrigation water, etc. Adaptation might soften the negative effects caused by such changes.