Effect of Air Abrasion and Different Silicoating Techniques on the Bond Strength of Particulate Filler Composite to Titanium

Background/purpose: One of the problems associated with titanium metal–composite restorations is insufficient ability to bond resin to titanium metal castings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different silicacoating techniques and air abrasion with different particles on the bond strength of a particulate filler composite to titanium alloy. Materials and Methods: 40 titanium bar specimens divided in 5 groups were air abraded with 50 µm aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles (Group C); air abraded with Al2O3 and then flamed with the Silano-Pen device (Bredent, Germany) (Group CSP); air abraded with silica-coated aluminum oxide particles (Group S); air abraded with synthetic diamond abrasives (Group D); and air abraded with diamond abrasives and flamed with the Silano-Pen device (Group DSP). The composite resin build-up was fabricated according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Shear bond strength of resin composite to the titanium surface were evaluated after 24 h storage in water at 37 °C. Results: Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the mean values were compared by post-hoc Tukey compromise test (p＝0.05). The SEM photomicrographs were developed at a magnification of ×500 for visual inspection. To assess the mode of failure (cohesive, adhesive or mixed failure) the specimen surfaces were examined. There was no significant difference in bond strength values of group C and the other surface treated groups. (p>0.05). Application of Silano-Pen increased shear bond strength in treated with only synthetic diamond abrasives group. Group CSP showed higher bond strength than group S and D. Group DSP showed higher bond strength than group D, too. Conclusion: Although Silano-Pen application after air abrasion with synthetic diamond abrasives effected the bond strength of titanium to composite, there was not any difference from only air abraded surface treatment.