Some Aspects of Interactions between Nanomaterials and the Cytoskeleton of Eukaryotic cells

All cellular functions are primarily related to the behavior of the components of cell and its cytoskeleton. Cells in the various tissues respond to the sudden changes in their ambient environment may it be biochemical, physiological, molecular or physicochemical in nature. Cells become the ultimate target of these changes and face their derogative and stressful impacts. Cytoskeleton is primarily concerned with the temporal and spatial organizations in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; these should be in the form of integrated, coordinated functional capabilities in order to perform their designated functions amicably. The functional aspects of cytoskeleton play essential roles in the deliverance of cellular responses under normal circumstances and also with respect to the changed and stressful stimuli. In these regards the components of cytoskeleton have to put an effort to deal with changed conditions. Cell membrane and cell organelles exhibit responses; these are related to cellular elasticity, mobility, adhesion, invasion, proliferation and differentiation, etc. Nanotechnology enables a series of nonmaterial's to be synthesized/engineered with precise control over their physicochemical properties, surface modifications with respect to targeted moieties, charge modification, stealth aspects which may be ambiguous but features like size, shape, or other characters can be screened in accordance to the appropriate properties of target-specifications. The impacts of nonmaterial's on biotic components are related to these features and may inflict biochemical, physiological and physic-physiological adverse effects on the eukaryotic cells. Fairly good amount of references are available on the interactions between nonmaterial's and cells and cell organelles while there appears to be relatively less references pertaining to the interactions between nonmaterial's and cytoskeleton; therefore, it was thought imperative to evaluate the impressions of nonmaterial's on cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. In this review, overall impacts of nonmaterial's on the structural and functional components of the cytoskeleton have been evaluated.