Physico-Chemical and Phyto-Chemical Screening of Madanaphala Seeds with Reference to its Sangraha and Samskara

Standardization of herbal drugs is the need of the present day, in order to confirm its therapeutic value and to stand out in the global market. Place of collection, season of collection and so on plays an important role to assure the quality of the drug in terms of identity, purity and strength. Samskara is the process that may bring out some radical changes in the substance by replacing their natural properties totally or partially into a new one or by intensifying or moderating their qualities. The present study was planned and carried out to know the significance of Sangraha and Samskara of Madana phala through physico-chemical and phytochemical analysis. Fresh fruits of Madana phala were collected as per the sangraha vidhi and and were subjected to samskara by keeping it in the kusha puta and triturating it with ghritha, dadhi, madhu and tila kalka as per the Samskara vidhi mentioned in Charaka samhita. All the three samples i.e, self collected, processed and market samples were analysed through pharmacognostic, physico-chemical and qualitative & quantitative phyto-chemical study. Also analysed through HPTLC by using Oleanolic acid as standard. Quantitative phyto-chemical analysis showed more amount of saponin, tannin, phenol & HPTLC analysis showed more amount of oleanolic acid in self collected sample than the market sample. Whereas there was less amount of saponin, tannin, phenol and Oleanolic acid in processed sample (samskarita) when compared to the self collected sample (asamskarita) of Madana phala. For the better yield of phyto chemicals samples need to be collected as per the classical reference, which may not be followed by the commercial suppliers. Samskara of Madana phala as per Charaka plays an important role in modifying the total saponin concentration which is validated through the qualitative and quantitative analytical tools