Influence of Soil and Vegetation in the Pollen Spectrum Modeling from Caçapava do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Pollen analysis of surface sediments is an important tool for Quaternary Palynology, by comparing modern and fossil pollen allows to identify analogs processes occurred in the past. Aiming to expand the knowledge about the deposition and preservation of palynomorphs in Rio Grande do Sul, were identified and characterized sets pollen deposited on the soil surface from samples collected in two different vegetation formations (Araucaria forest and grassland) of the Caçapava do Sul. The nine samples were treated with the usual techniques for palynology, granulometry analysis and analysis of organic carbon. The palynological slides are deposited in the reference pollen collection of the Laboratory of Palynology of ULBRA. 300 pollen grains for each sample were quantified and identified. The results obtained with the pollen analysis showed that all pollen reflected the main species of the grassland formation (Poaceae, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Eryngium L. and Vernonia Schreb.), and the Araucaria forest, which highlighted species are Arecaceae, Myrtaceae, Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl. and Ilex L.. The results of the physicochemical analysis compared with the results palynological, demonstrated a positive correlation between clay, organic carbon content and the concentration of pollen.